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Kundry, the Dark, Destructive Goddess of Grail Legend

The destructive power of the Goddess is personified in the Holy Grail Mysteries as Kundry, a sorceress with grotesque features that is typically clothed in a black cloak embroidered with white doves, the symbol of the Holy Spirit she personifies. In Parzival, Wolfram graphically describes Kundry's Kali-like appearance thus: "Her nose was like a dog's, and to the length of several spans a pair of tusks jutted from her jaws... Kundry's ears resembled a bear's... in her hand she held a knot (perhaps part of a noose)... her fingernails were none too transparent... they looked like a lion's claws." A particularly telling feature ascribed to Kundry by the author Wolfram is her "hat of peacock feathers," which ostensibly affiliates her with the destructive power of Lucifer, who is also known in the East as the Peacock Angel.

The name Kundry and its prefix of kun or kund point to Her special affiliation with Kundalini, the Sanscrit term for the destructive power of the Goddess that purifies a seeker and leads him or her to divine knowledge and empowerment. Thus, in the Holy Grail Mysteries the Kundalini is manifest as Kundry. As Kundry, the Goddess Kundalini transforms Parzival, the archetypal seeker, into an immortal Fisher King, and in the process She puts him through an intensive process of purification punctuated by lessons within which She assumes an abundance of diverse personalities. In the Grail rendition of Peredur, for example, Kundry is seen assuming the identity of Parzival's cousin, as well as the fair Grail Bearer in the Grail Castle of the Fisher King, and a young, blond haired youth. Near the end of the Grail legend, Kundry reverts to her original, repulsive form to convey the "news" that since Parzival has proven himself to be both courageous and integrous while meeting his challenges he has earned the right to become the new Fisher King. 

Kundry is related to the German kunde, meaning "information" or "news." Thus, the personality of Kundry is a pure manifestation of the Goddess who is the wisdom or "news" of God. Kundry's association with "news" also makes Her a manifestation of the power of God, because in Arabic "good news" translated as Braka, a name for the life force. Thus, Kundry is the pure life force, which means that She must wield not only the power of destruction, but also the powers of creation and preservation. This truth is conveyed in Book Nine of Parzival, wherein Kundry assists Sigune, Parzival's female cousin and a forest-dwelling hermit, by making sure that the Grail she possesses continually provides her with abundance of sustaining food. Kundry plays a similar role in both Peredur and Perlesvaus, wherein she is depicted as the fair bearer of a food-producing Holy Grail chalice in the Grail Castle of the Fisher King.

In Parsifal, composer Wagner accurately portrays Kundry as Mother Nature and Her three powers by making Her synonymous with the cycle of nature. The German compose initially portrays Kundry in her hag manifestation during which She is under the control of the evil king Klingsor. Meanwhile, the outer world, which reflects Kundry, is desolate and the cycle of nature is in its annual phase of death and destruction. When Parsifal eventually defeats Klingsor and reclaims the Holy Grail (which in this Grail rendition is in the form of the Holy Spear), Kundry is set free. The Goddess then magically turns from a decrepit hag into a beautiful girl while her liberated power simultaneously produces an abundance of spring flowers, thus transforming what had previously been a cold and barren world into a summer paradise.

Since Wagner made Kundry synonymous with Mother Nature, many scholars have compared Kundry to the goddess Eriu, a personification of Mother Nature in ancient Ireland. During the winter months, when the land was barren and cold, Eriu was conceived of by the Irish Celts as an old hag, but when spring arrived she magically transformed into an enchanting damsel. The Celts, who thus, linked Mother Nature to the life force she personified, understood that, like the life force, she is radiant and creative in the spring and old exhausted in the fall. 

 

Lilith

Lilith, female demonic figure of Jewish folklore. Her name and personality are thought to be derived from the class of Mesopotamian demons called lilu, and the name is usually translated as "night monster." A cult associated with Lilith survived among some Jews as late as the 7th century CE. The evil she threatened, especially against children and women in childbirth, was said to be counteracted by the wearing of an amulet bearing the names of certain angels. 

In rabbinic literature Lilith is variously depicted as the mother of Adam's demonic offspring following his separation from Eve or as his first wife. Whereas Eve was created from Adam's rib, some accounts hold that Lilith was the woman implied in Genesis 1:27 and was made from the same soil as Adam. Insolently refusing to be subservient to her husband, Lilith left Adam and the perfection of the Garden of Eden; three angels tried in vain to force her return. According to some mythologies, her demonic offspring were sired by an archangel named Samael and were not Adam's progeny. Those children are sometimes identified as incubi and succubi. 

 

Lulu

 

Carman

In Celtic mythology, Carman or Carmun was a warrior and sorceress from Athens who tried to invade Ireland in the days of the Tuatha De Danann, along with her three sons, Dub ("black"), Dother ("evil") and Dian ("violence"). She used her magical powers to destroy all the fruit of Ireland. 

Four of the Tuatha De Danann, Crichinbel, Lug, Be Chuille and Aoi, challenged Carman and her sons. The sons were forced to leave Ireland, and Carman was imprisoned. She died of longing and was buried in Wexford among oak trees. Her grave was dug by Bres. her grave was dug by Bres. The place she was buried was called Carman after her, and the Tuatha De Danann are said to have instituted an Oenach Carman, or Festival of Carman. Celtic historian Peter Berresford Ellis described her as "a goddess who came to Ireland from Athens with her three ferocious sons - Calma (Valiant), Dubh (Black) and Olc (Evil). The laid Ireland to waste but were eventually overcome by the Tuatha De Danaan. Carman died of grief and it is recorded the death 'came upon her in an ungentle shape.' She was subsequently remembered in Leinster by a Festival of Carman held at Lughnasad, 1 August. 

Her story is told in a poem of the Metrical Dindshenchas, which states that she died in 600 BCE.